Serengeti National Park. CBoy, blackmaned male and Hildur traveling with the Vumbi Pride, a plains pride and part of C.Packers Serengeti Lion Research Project. CBoy and Hildur were once resident males of a better territory but were pushed out by a coalition of 4 males. They now preside over Vumbi, Simba East and Kibumbu but lost Kibumbu last year to a coalition of 3 young males. Close bonds between the males is important in providing and allied defense against intruders. Speculation is that the 3 young males are trying to take over more territories putting Vumbi and Simba East cubs in danger and destablizing the social structure of these stable plains prides.